Determine the flow potential if a 42.4% aqueous solution of ethanol is forced through a porous film under a pressure of 20 kPa. The electrical conductivity of the solution is 0.013 S×m–1, the relative permittivity of the solvent is 41.3, the viscosity is 0.90 mPa×s, the zeta potential is 16.0 mV, and the surface conductivity of the membrane is neglected.

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